Abstract
Hydrothermal systems are formed by hydropower plants and different types of thermal power plants, i.e., plants that use different types of fuel. Thermal power plants are very versatile to meet energy demand; therefore, they can be dispatched at any time, with the exception of certain plants, such as nuclear, that are operated on a demand basis. Hydropower plants are also versatile, but exhibit a serious operational constraint, which is water availability. It is clear, therefore, the importance of planning the operation, especially in large hydrothermal systems. In countries where a high percentage of the energy consumed is produced by hydropower, there is a need to determine the degree of connection of the hydro system to increase its effectiveness and efficiency. A large interconnected hydro system can be better managed considering the hydrological diversity occurring in different watersheds. On the other hand, isolated subsystems of smaller sizes, may possibly be able to operate with greater safety. This paper discusses the issue of the energy gain of a hydrothermal system in view of its size. The case study is the national interconnected hydrothermal system in Brazil. The analysis employs an optimization model, HIDROTERM, which has been developed for the optimal planning and operation of the Brazilian hydrothermal system. A comparative analysis is made comparing the Brazilian system operated in a fully interconnected scheme and with some isolated subsystems operating independently. The results can be used to determine the optimal configuration of the hydrothermal system.
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