Brazilian essential oil of Cymbopogon martini (Poaceae): positive effects on inflammation-induced human fibroblasts and skin aging

Carlos Rocha Oliveira,Leonardo Mendes Bella,Rodolfo De Paula Vieira,Marília Cristina Duarte

doi:10.32712/2446-4775.2021.1127

Carlos Rocha Oliveira, Leonardo Mendes Bella + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.32712/2446-4775.2021.1127

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Abstract

The study evaluated the effects of essential oil from Cymbopogon martini (CMEO) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human fibroblasts. Samples were collected in Monte Verde, Minas Gerais, Brazil and analyzed by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. The fibroblasts were cultured in a monolayer using Iscove's medium and stimulated by LPS (1 μg/mL) and incubated for 24 h at 37°C. The cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT assay and collagen concentration by Sirius red. Collagenase activity, hyaluronic acid, and the concentrations of IL-1β; IL-6; MCP-1 (CCL2), and MIP-1-α (CCL3) were evaluated. The effect of CMEO on the expression of mRNA and the secretion of enzymes in fibroblasts were evaluated by RT-qPCR and ELISA, respectively. CMEO was cytotoxic against fibroblasts, in which 10 μg/mL inhibited 50% of cell viability. When treated with CMEO, the fibroblasts produced more collagen and hyaluronic acid than control cells. When stimulated by LPS, fibroblasts exhibited higher production of IL-6, IL-1β, MCP-1, and MIP-1α than control cells. The study demonstrated the effects of CMEO on the modulation of mediators related to inflammation and decreasing the mRNA and secretion levels of metalloproteinases, revealing to be a promising candidate for anti-aging effects and wound healing treatments.

Highlights

Essential oils (EOs) (Aetherolea, Ethereal oils, Volatile oils) are concentrated hydrophobic liquids containing volatile aromatic compounds from the secondary metabolism of plants[1,2]
After the MTT assay and the determination of the IC50%, the subsequent aim was to investigate whether the CMEO was, able to increase collagen and hyaluronic acid synthesis
Our results indicate that the CMEO significantly induced collagen and hyaluronic acid synthesis from the fibroblasts, suggesting that the CMEO could enhance skin moisture and can result in skin being less dry by increasing HA synthesis[16]

Summary

Introduction

Essential oils (EOs) (Aetherolea, Ethereal oils, Volatile oils) are concentrated hydrophobic liquids containing volatile aromatic compounds from the secondary metabolism of plants[1,2]. The knowledge of EOs chemical profile is important to select the suitable extraction method[3]. Brazilian essential oil of Cymbopogon martini (Roxb.) Will. EOs can be extracted from plant tissues, such as flowers, fruits, leaves, peel, stem, and roots[1,2]. They are largely used in the pharmaceutical and food industry, it is unknown exactly whether EOs were used as healing agents or for domestic use at the beginning[3]

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