Abstract

The most common neoplasm of the bovine species is, by far, lymphoid leukosis. Two classes of bovine leukosis have been distinguished on the basis of their pathology and seroepidemiology. Sporadic bovine leukosis (SBL) is observed throughout the world as solitary cases within a herd. It is a noncontagious disease with no known viral etiology. Lymphoid tumors, multicentric, cutaneous, or thymic, are generally observed in young animals (4 months to 1 year old) and tumor cells appear to be of non-B-cell lineage. Enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL) is a highly contagious disease induced by a retrovirus exogenous to the bovine species, bovine leukemia virus (BLV). It is a chronic disease, evolving over extended periods (1–8 years), with tumors developing in only a small number of infected animals.

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