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Abstract
Dialyzable leukocyte extracts are clinically used under different commercial names (IMMUNEPOTENT CRP®, IMMODIN®, Transferon®) to modulate the immune response altered by pathological conditions such as cancer, inflammation, and viral infections. The purpose of this study is to improve the production process of bovine dialyzable leukocyte extract without decreasing its biological activities (antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antitumoral). Our product modification consists of adding a dry heating step in the production process. In this study, we evaluated and compared the chemical composition (bromatological analysis), physical structure (infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, SEM, and zeta potential) and biological function of the dialyzable leukocyte extracts obtained from fresh and dry bovine spleens. Our results showed that the use of a drying step in the production process of the bovine dialyzable leukocyte extract (bDLE) did not affect its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects and it improved its antitumor properties. We suggest that this process modification could be applied to other biological products, such as dialyzable leukocyte extracts derived from other sources, in order to improve its functionality and formulation.
Highlights
The dialyzable leukocyte extract is a biocompound described for the first time in 1949 by Sherwood Lawrence [1]
Dry bovine dialyzable leukocyte extract (bDLE) contains a higher amount of protein (2.11%) and ash (0.31%), as compared to the wet bDLE (0.41 and 0.13%, respectively), as was expected
The classical preparation process of the bDLE IMMUNEPOTENT CRP® presents some challenges for the establishment of a production line
Summary
The dialyzable leukocyte extract is a biocompound described for the first time in 1949 by Sherwood Lawrence [1]. The extract is obtained from fresh human or animal blood or lymphoid tissues [2]. In order to preserve the properties of the dialyzable leukocyte extract, it is necessary to keep it vacuum-sealed and refrigerated until use. Our research team worked with the dialyzable leukocyte extract from bovine spleen (bDLE). The spleen was chosen because it is one of the largest lymphoid organs, rich in nutrients, and it was obtained from an animal already certified as safe for human consumption. The consumption of high amounts of bovine meat guarantees the availability of our raw material, even in the case that the production volume needs to be increased. The bovine spleen is commonly discarded by slaughterhouses, and repurposing it decreases waste
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