Boundary-Based Anchor Selection Method for WSNs Node Localization

Abstract

Node localization is considered a crucial technology that affects the effectiveness and practicality of the wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In the application scenarios, the deployment area is usually non-uniformly and may have some holes due to the complex application environment, and the existence of holes in the deployment area will affect the accuracy of distance estimation and lead to a large localization error in node localization. Therefore, in this paper, we proposed a boundary-based anchor selection method for WSNs node localization (BASL). On the observation that the shortest path between two nodes containing more nodes near the obstacle boundary is seriously affected by the hole, the proposed BASL algorithm firstly detects boundary region nodes near to the hole by exploring network connectivity. Subsequently, the unknown node selects reliable anchor nodes by checking the number of boundary region nodes in their shortest path between itself and anchor nodes. Finally, calculate the location of unknown nodes according to reliable anchor nodes. Simulation results show that the proposed BASL algorithm can alleviate localization error caused by the hole in the deployment area and the localization accuracy outperforms other localization algorithms in all scenarios.