Botulinum Toxin Treatment for Painful Diabetic Neuropathy A Review

Abstract

Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is one of the most common peripheral nervous system disorders. It affects 16% of individuals with type I (young onset) diabetes and 25-26% of individuals with type II (late onset) diabetes [1]. Pain and numbness of the feet and, in advanced cases, weakness in the feet or hands are the usual symptoms. These symptoms are typically more prominent in the lower limbs. The skin in the affected areas is sensitive to touch (hyperesthesia); sometimes touch evokes pain (allodynia). The pain of diabetic neuropathy may develop spontaneously or may be provoked by touch or motion. Pain often interferes with patient’s rest and sleep and has typical characteristics of a neuropathic pain i.e having a sharp and burning quality. Dorsum of the foot and toes are most commonly affected in diabetic neuropathy. On examination, the patients demonstrate decreased sensations (heat, cold, touch, position) in the affected limb. Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is usually bilateral and presents in form of a polyneuropathy.