Abstract
Intradermal injection of botulinum neurotoxin is a frequently performed procedure in aesthetic dermatology to improve facial skin tone, texture, fine wrinkles, and enlarged pores. In practice, botulinum neurotoxin type A is also used to reduce skin oiliness of the face. There is increasing evidence that acetylcholine plays specific roles in sebum production, suggesting that botulinum neurotoxin type A may reduce sebum production by interfering with cholinergic transmission between sebaceous glands and autonomic nerve terminals. Botulinum neurotoxins can also inhibit several pathogenetic components of acne development, suggesting that botulinum neurotoxins can be used as a safe and effective treatment modality for acne and other skin disorders related to overactivity of sebaceous glands. This review aims to explore the current evidence behind the treatment of facial seborrhea and acne with botulinum neurotoxin type A.
Highlights
A sebaceous gland (SG) is a microscopic exocrine gland in the skin that opens into a hair follicle to secrete an oily or waxy matter called sebum
Sebocytes from facial seborrhea are phenotypically fully mature and express more cholinergic receptors [19]. These findings suggest that ACh and its receptors play specific roles in sebocyte differentiation and sebum production [10,19,20], and it is plausible to assume that facial seborrhea may be more susceptible to cholinergic regulation than normal skin [19,21]
Wu [27] described a decreased sebum production after intradermal injection of Botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNTA) for cosmetic purposes. These laboratory findings and clinical observations raised speculation that BoNTA may be an effective treatment for excessive sebum production, which prompted further clinical trials
Summary
A sebaceous gland (SG) is a microscopic exocrine gland in the skin that opens into a hair follicle to secrete an oily or waxy matter called sebum. The ability of BoNTA to inhibit cholinergic transmission prompted further investigations into its clinical use in several. Empirical reports on the use suppress excessive plicated by clinical observations [4,5,6,7]. We reviewed the reported cases and clinical trials on the use of BoNTA apy for SG overactivity. We reviewed the reported cases and clinical trials on the use for facial seborrhea, wide pores, and associated acne. Koreanmale malewith withfacial facialseborrhea seborrheaappearing appearinggreasy greasyand andshiny, shiny,accompanied accompaniedby byenlarged enlargedpores poreson on the cheeks; Histologic findings of the facial skin of excess sebum secretion. Note the lobules of mature sebaceous the cheeks; (b) Histologic findings of the facial skin of excess sebum secretion.
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