BORROWING AS A SOURCE OF LANGUAGE LEXICAL SYSTEM UPDATE (AS EXAMPLIFIED IN POETRY COLLECTION OF «THREE HUNDRED POEMS. SELECTED VERSES» BY LINA KOSTENKO)

Abstract

Objective of the research is to find out structural-semantic and functionally stylistic features of the borrowed vocabulary in poetry by Lina Kostenko. Methods. Theoretical — analysis and synthesis of literature of the researched issue; practical — to obtain factual materials and based on them make conclusions regarding structural-semantic and functionally stylistic features of the borrowed vocabulary in oeuvre by Lina Kostenko. Results. Language (and therefore speech) is both stylistics, orthoepia, and compliance grammatical norms, etc., but above all it is vocabulary. And the vocabulary of the speaker is characterized first of all by its purity, synonymous and phraseological richness, normativity of pronunciation and, finally, correlation of native (Ukrainian) foreign words. Vocabulary of the modern Ukrainian language was formed in the process of its extended historical development and is a product of many epochs. Its shaping and development is closely connected with the history of Ukrainian people. Based on the factual material selected, we can conclude that Lina Kostenko most often uses words that are borrowed from Western European languages 48 % from 100 % (German, French, English, Italian); for the most part, it uses them without changing the value, but uses it as a comparison. Non-Slavic borrowings (from Latin, Ancient Greek, Turkic) make up 44 % of the studied words, the meaning of which the poet sometimes changes; uses for comparison. The borrowing from the Slavic languages (Old Slavic, Polonism, Russian) used by L. Kostenko is only 8 %. The author uses them without changing the values. The poet uses the borrowed elements of other languages with stylistic instruction with the purpose of creating the non-national diversity in the basis of Ukrainian language. Lina Kostenko also makes extensive use of terminology. After all, the potentialities of the corresponding lexical category create an artistic image, being part of a certain tropical figure, comparing and enriching the artistic color, expressive elevation of the artistic environment. Usage of vocabulary of foreign origin without its abuse and distortions, the way Lina Kostenko does, is one of the ways to enrich the vocabulary of language.