Abstract
Limitation in the synthesis of single-crystal has restricted the complete understanding of the magnetoelectric properties of bulk ε-Fe2O3. In order to understand the electric polarization of bulk ε-Fe2O3, we have employed a first-principles Berry-phase method and the density functional perturbation theory to calculate the spontaneous electric polarization and Born effective charges (BECs) of ε-Fe2O3. The polarization quanta of the ferroelectric bulk ε-Fe2O3 and its polarization lattice are also reported. The polarization switching through a paraelectric transition phase of a low barrier is found to be favorable. The polarization and BECs calculated by both methods are in good agreement.
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