Bone mineral density and Trabecular Bone Score in patients with kidney stone disease

Abstract

Background. With the dynamics of the aging of the global population, leading places in the structure of age-related diseases are occupied by osteoporosis (OP), which is characterized by low-energy fractures due to decrease of bone mineral density (BMD). One of ОР reasons is insufficient calcium intake due to the fear of kidney stones disease (KSD) formation. The aim of the research was the assessment of the BMD, Trabecular Bone Score (TBS) of patients depending on KSD. Materials and methods. Eighty patients took part in the study, 14 men (17.5 %) and 66 women (82.5 %). First group consisted of 48 patients with KSD (women — 34 (70.83 %), men — 14 (29.17 %), average age 55.5 [IQR 51.5–62.5] years), second one included 32 subjects (women 31 (96.88 %), men — 1 (3.12 %), median age 63.2 [IQR 58.8–67.4] years) without nephrolithiasis. We analyzed parameters of dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (Hologic Discovery device). The TBS iNsight method was used to assess the TBS. Results. The detection of KSD increased from 16.25 % (on the basis of the disease diagnosed in the anamnesis) to 49.25 % (after additional ultrasound examination). BMD indices in patients with nephrolithiasis did not differ from the para­meters of people without CKD, while TBS was significantly lower. Conclusions. Nephrolithiasis is an underdiagnosed problem, especially in BMD screening. In patients with KSD, TBS a significant lower compare with subjects without nephrolithiasis. The obtained data require a detailed study of the possible causes and connections of BMD disorders in patients with KSD.