Bone marrow derived cell-seeded extracellular matrix: A novel biomaterial in the field of wound management

V Remya,Sameer Shrivastava,A K Sharma,Dayamon D Mathew,N P Kurade,Naveen Kumar,S K Maiti,Mamta Negi,S Sonal

doi:10.14202/vetworld.2014.1019-1025

V Remya, Sameer Shrivastava + Show 7 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2014.1019-1025

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Journal: Veterinary world	Publication Date: Nov 1, 2014
Citations: 13	License type: cc-by

Affiliation: Indian Veterinary Research Institute

Abstract

Aim: Extensive or irreversible damage to the skin often requires additional skin substitutes for reconstruction. Biomaterials have become critical components in the development of effective new medical therapies for wound care. Materials and Methods: In the present study, a cell matrix construct (bone marrow-derived cells (BMdc) seeded extracellular matrix [ECM]) was used as a biological substitute for the repair of full-thickness skin wound. ECM was developed by decellularizing fish swim bladder (FSB). Goat bone marrow-derived cells (G-BMdc) were seeded over this decellularized matrix. Efficacy of this cell matrix construct in wound repair was tested by implanting it over 20 mm2 × 20 mm2 size fullthickness skin wound created over the dorsum of rat. The study was conducted in 16 clinically healthy adult rats of either sex. The animals were randomly divided into 2 equal groups of 8 animals each. In Group I, animal’s wounds were repaired with a cellular FSB matrix. In Group II, wounds were repaired with G-BMdc seeded a cellular FSB matrix. Immune response and efficacy of healing were analyzed. Results: Quality of healing and immuno tolerance to the biological substitute was significantly better in Group II than Group I. Conclusion: Seeding with BMdc increases the wound healing potency and modulates the immune response to a significantly negligible level. The BMdc seeded acellular FSB matrix was found to be a novel biomaterial for wound management.

Highlights

Many natural skin substitutes such as xenografts, allografts, and autografts have been used for repair of dermal defects
The bone marrow-derived cells (BMdc) seeded acellular fish swim bladder (FSB) matrix was found to be a novel biomaterial for wound management
FSB Extracellular matrix (ECM) was prepared by decellularizing the native swim bladder and, thereafter, this ECM was seeded with BMdc of goat origin (G-BMdc)

Summary

Introduction

Many natural skin substitutes such as xenografts, allografts, and autografts have been used for repair of dermal defects These naturally derived skin substitutes cannot accomplish skin regeneration due to limited donor sites, risk of infection, slow healing, and association with the formation of scar [1]. Extracellular matrix (ECM) provided as biomaterials/bio-scaffold to replicate the biological and mechanical function of the native ECM found in tissues. Common features of ECM-associated tissue remodeling includes extensive angiogenesis, recruitment of circulating progenitor cells, rapid scaffold degradation, and constructive remodeling of damaged or missing tissues and is distinctly different phenomenon from that of scar tissue formation [2]. The advantage of using these ECM based biomaterial is that the repair mechanisms approach optimal conditions, i.e., it can repair but can regenerate

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