Bone lesions: Benign, malignant and inflammatory; A Histopathological study

Abstract

Background: The spectrum of bone lesions include inflammatory, neoplastic, degenerative and metabolic diseases. Histopathology is a confirmatory evidence for bone lesions and helps arrive at a diagnosis and plan further prognosis and management. A proper execution from technique (radio-guided or surgical), choice of sections from the lesion and proper management of specimen is the requirement for accuracy of diagnosis and further management. Aims and objectives: To analyse the histo-pathological spectrum of bone lesions and co relating it with demographic details and radiological findings. Results: 100 bone biopsies received in the Department of Pathology between September 2015 to September 2017. They were routinely processed after decalcification. Out of 100 cases, 55 non-neoplastic lesions and 45 neoplastic lesions were reported. Around 10 cases were inconclusive due to inadequacy of biopsy sample. Osteochondroma was the most common benign lesion. Osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma were the most common malignant lesion, with equal incidence. Chronic osteomyelitis was the most common non neoplastic lesion. The lesions occurred most commonly below the age group of 20 years with a male preponderance. Femur was the most common bone involved and metaphysis was the most common anatomical site of lesion. Conclusion: A detailed histo-pathological interpretation of bone lesions, along with history, radiological and other relevant investigations are important for the patient’s treatment and the further management including the follow up.