Bond strength of modern self-adhesive resin cements to human dentin and different CAD/CAM ceramics

Abstract

The aim of the study was to evaluate the shear bond strength of CAD/CAM ceramics to dentin after cementation with conventional or self-adhesive resin cements. Three self-adhesive, self-etching cements (Panavia SA, RelyX U200, Maxcem Elite), and one conventional cement (Panavia V5), were selected to lute three CAD/CAM ceramics (IPS Empress CAD, IPS e.max CAD, IPS e.max ZirCAD) onto the dentin. The bond strength was evaluated using a shear strength test according to the PN-EN ISO 29022:2013-10. Evaluation of the differences was performed using the Statistica software. Failure modes were analyzed using a light microscope. All the studied cements differed (regardless of the ceramic type) in the bond strength. The highest bond strength was observed in Panavia V5, lower - in RelyX U200 and Panavia SA, and the lowest - in Maxcem. For IPS e.max ZirCAD, it was observed that compared to Panavia V5, the other cements were characterized by a significantly higher bond strength. For the IPS Empress CAD and the IPS e.max CAD, Panavia V5 displayed the highest bond strength. For all the studied self-adhesive cements, the failure of adhesion between the cement and dentin was predominant mode. Significant differences were found in the shear bond strengths of the CAD/CAM ceramics luted to dentin using tested self-adhesive and conventional cements. The bond strength depended on the combination of ceramic and cement. The IPS e.max ZirCAD had the highest bond strength to dentin after cementation with RelyX U200, while the IPS Empress CAD and IPS e.max CAD - with Panavia V5.