Abstract
Vehicular Ad-hoc NETwork (VANET) is a special mobile ad hoc network that composed of facilities such as vehicle nodes and roadside units. Message transfer among vehicle nodes has been a great challenge due to the network’s highly variable topology and the selfish nature of vehicle nodes. Thus, it is very necessary to propose a mechanism to improve the cooperation among vehicle nodes to guarantee the effective message transmission. Currently, incentive-based cooperation mechanisms are commonly used to encourage nodes to participate in message transmission. Those mechanisms are based on traditional economics and generally assume that the decision-making behavior of nodes is completely independent. Also, the cooperation of nodes depends on whether the cooperation behavior can obtain the higher utility. But researches in behavioral economics have shown that due to the existence of altruistic reciprocity, the behavior of nodes is affected by not only their utility but also the behavioral motives of other nodes, so as to obtain different results from traditional incentive-based mechanisms. Therefore, the paper introduces the reciprocal altruistic from behavioral economics and proposes the reciprocal altruistic factor to reconstruct the utility function of nodes. The reconstructed utility function reflects the interaction of behavioral motives among nodes, which promotes the node’s cooperative behavior. Also, since the Network Formation Game (NFG) is a common mathematical model for studying the interaction and communication links formation among network nodes, hence the paper regards NFG in traditional economics as the research object. A Behavior Economics-based Message Transmission Cooperation Guarantee Mechanism named BMCGM is proposed, which motivates nodes to participate in the message transmission to reduce the transmission delay ratio. The simulation results show that the BMCGM reduces message transmission delay by at least 30.3% compared with the recent representative cooperation transmission mechanism.
Highlights
Vehicular Ad-hoc NETwork (VANET) is a special mobile ad hoc network (MANET) that has special characteristics compared with mobile ad hoc networks such as highly dynamic topologies, frequently disconnected links, restricted moving directions and without restrictions for energy and storage [1,2]
The simulation results show that the BMCGM reduces message transmission delay by at least 30.3% compared with the recent representative cooperation transmission mechanism
VANET is a special mobile ad hoc network (MANET) that has special characteristics compared with mobile ad hoc networks such as highly dynamic topologies, frequently disconnected links, restricted moving directions and without restrictions for energy and storage [1,2]
Summary
VANET is a special mobile ad hoc network (MANET) that has special characteristics compared with mobile ad hoc networks such as highly dynamic topologies, frequently disconnected links, restricted moving directions (which effected by the direction of the road, traffic lights, etc.) and without restrictions for energy and storage [1,2]. The NFG is a common mathematical model for studying the interaction and communication links formation among network nodes, the paper regards NFG in traditional economics as the research object. We construct a cooperative willingness function based on reciprocal altruistic It can reflect whether other nodes are friendly or unfriendly. We analyze the nodes’ behavior based on reciprocal altruistic and propose. A reciprocal altruistic factor is proposed to build the actual perceived utility of the nodes, which overturns the existing definition of the utility function and increases the cooperation rate of nodes by reconstructing the utility function; We take NFG in traditional economics as the research object and analyze the decision-making behavior of nodes while considering the reciprocal altruistic of nodes.
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