Abstract
Blockchains and distributed ledger technologies (DLT) play significant role in the current modern applications in smart cities. By applying blockchain technologies, systems gain a full access to benefits for decentralized applications, and security of distributed ledger technologies which includes consensus algorithms and smart contracts. This paper presents a survey of blockchain technologies and their applications in smart cities. It shows how it increases security, performance, and reduce cost of systems in smart cities. It also provides a high-level explanation of what is blockchain, DLT, and what are consensus algorithms? And how they can be used? In this paper an evaluation also done for some selected researches. These researches were reviewed, summarized, and analyzed, then evaluated based on specific criteria. This paper also proposes a sample architecture for one example of how blockchain can be used in this example in smart cities.
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