Blending and Characteristics of Electrochemical Double-Layer Capacitor Device Assembled from Plasticized Proton Ion Conducting Chitosan:Dextran:NH4PF6 Polymer Electrolytes.

Shujahadeen B Aziz,Rebar T Abdulwahid,Yuhanees M Yusof,Mohamad A Brza,Muhamad H Hafiz,Mohd F.Z Kadir,Ahmad S.F.M Asnawi,Iver Brevik

doi:10.3390/polym12092103

Abstract

This research paper investigates the electrochemical performance of chitosan (CS): dextran (DX) polymer-blend electrolytes (PBEs), which have been developed successfully with the incorporation of ammonium hexafluorophosphate (NH4PF6). X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicates that the plasticized electrolyte system with the highest value of direct current (DC) ionic conductivity is the most amorphous system. The glycerol addition increased the amorphous phase and improved the ionic dissociation, which contributed to the enhancement of the fabricated device’s performance. Transference number analysis (TNM) has shown that the charge transport process is mainly by ions rather than electrons, as tion = 0.957. The CS:DX:NH4PF6 system was found to decompose as the voltage goes beyond 1.5 V. Linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) revealed that the potential window for the most plasticized system is 1.5 V. The fabricated electrochemical double-layer capacitor (EDLC) was analyzed with cyclic voltammetry (CV) and charge-discharge analysis. The results from CV verify that the EDLC in this work holds the characteristics of a capacitor. The imperative parameters of the fabricated EDLC such as specific capacitance and internal resistance were found to be 102.9 F/g and 30 Ω, respectively. The energy stored and power delivered by the EDLC were 11.6 Wh/kg and 2741.2 W/kg, respectively.

Highlights

The implantation of natural polymers instead of synthetic polymers is an effective way to reduce plastic waste pollution [1,2]
The ionic transport in polymer electrolytes occurs principally in the amorphous phases, which is directed by the segmental motion of the polymer chains [41]
The results of the present work establish that plasticization is one of the most adopted approaches used to suppress the crystallinity of polymer electrolytes

Summary

Introduction

The implantation of natural polymers instead of synthetic polymers is an effective way to reduce plastic waste pollution [1,2]. Safety, portability, excellent light weight, flexibility, and good thermal stability are some of the unique aspects of solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) [3]. Dextran (DX) is a natural polymer produced as a result of leuconostoc mesenteroides bacteria fermentation [4]. The DX polymer chain consists of 1,6-α-D-glucopyranosidic linkages, where various oxygen including functional groups in this structure are very useful for ionic conduction [6]. With these interesting characteristics, a polymer electrolyte can be made out of it [7]. The inclusion of 20 wt.% ammonium nitrate (NH4 NO3 ) into a DX host increased the conductivity from (8.24 ± 0.31) × 10−11 to (3.00 ± 1.60) ×

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Conclusion