Abstract
Blanket strategy: A response of environmental groups to the globalising forest industry
Highlights
In recent decades, forest industry has faced increased scrutiny regarding its operating practices (e.g. Sonnenfeld 2002; Gritten 2009), for example, Asia Pulp and Paper (APP) in Indonesia and Metsä Botnia in Uruguay
The environmental non-government organisations (ENGOs) involved in the different conflicts were grouped in geographical regions (Figure 3), based on their location
The resulting figures showed a very low number of ENGOs operating in Africa (3% of the total screened), follow by Australia and Pacific (4%) and South America (11%)
Summary
In recent decades, forest industry has faced increased scrutiny regarding its operating practices (e.g. Sonnenfeld 2002; Gritten 2009), for example, Asia Pulp and Paper (APP) in Indonesia (accusations of illegal logging) and Metsä Botnia in Uruguay (fears regarding pollution caused by its pulp mill). ENGOs have targeted governments, but increasingly they have focussed on corporations because of their increased prominence in dominating policy agendas of national governments and international organisations (Murphy and Bendell 1997; John and Thomson 2003), as well as responding to the perceived inaction of governments regarding regulating the operating practices of the corporations (Newell 2001). In other words, they are targeting the holders of power (Tilly 1999), those that can make changes, for example, to improve the sustainability of forest management
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