Abstract
BiVO4–Bi2O3 composite particles were synthesized by combustion synthesis (SCS) and immobilized on the ITO surface by layer-by-layer (LbL) technique. The BiVO4–Bi2O3 composite electrode was applied in the amperometric determination of atenolol (ATN) in pharmaceutical formulations and in urine using 0.25molL−1 NaNO3 as supporting electrolyte. A well-defined oxidation peak of ATN has been observed in 1.12V versus Ag/AgCl (3.0molL−1 KCl) by cyclic voltammetry. Analytical curve presented good linearity with a correlation coefficient of 0.997 and it was obtained in the concentration range of 50.0–800μmolL−1 ATN with slope of 2.73×105μAmol−1L. The detection limit is found to be 0.459μmolL−1. The proposed method was used for ATN determination in pharmaceutical formulations and urine samples and the recoveries range of 94.0 to 104%. BiVO4–Bi2O3 electrode exhibited good selectivity and repeatability, besides simplicity and low cost construction as well as stability without the need for surface renewal before each measure.
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