Births of leopard seals Hydrurga leptonyx in southern Chile

Abstract

Leopard seals (Hydrurga leptonyx) are widely distributed within the Antarctic pack ice. Recently they have been reported further north, in the fjords of southern Chile, where individuals remain year-round, especially on Tierra del Fuego Island. Little is known of the leopard seals reproductive biology or breeding distribution, and more specifically, whether they use southern Chilean water to breed. Two recent opportunistic sightings of leopard seal adult–pup pairs were observed in Parry Fjord, Almirantazgo Sound, on 2 December 2012 and 6 October 2015. These are the first documented recordings of leopard seal pups in southern South America and the second and third records of leopard seal pups on the continents north of the Polar Front. Although the pups reported here were dead, these observations are important because they add new evidence that leopard seals pup asynchronously, unlike other ice-breeding seals. It provides further information regarding the leopard seals use of South American waters.