Bird species diverity in several types of land cover in Gunung Bromo University Forest, Karanganyar, Central Java

Abstract

Gunung Bromo University Forest is a sub urban forest near human settlements that located in Karanganyar, Central Java. Still rarely research on bird species in this area. Therefore, it is necessary to do research on birds diversity in Gunung Bromo University Forest to help on understanding its habitat conditions. The data will be useful for determining forest management. The aims of this research were to identify birds diversity and to find out bird guild composition. This research was conducted in various land cover types at Gunung Bromo University Forest on April-August 2019. Observation was conducted in the morning and afternoon with IPA (Indices Ponctuel d’Abondance) methode. Research area were divided into 6 observation plots, S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, and S6. Total species found in this study were 44 species of birds from 25 families. There were 2 species of protected birds, crested serpent eagle (Spilornis cheela) and crested hawk-eagle (Spizaetus cirrhatus). Sooty-headed bulbul (Pycnonotus aurigaster), javan munia (Lonchura leucogastroides), common iora (Aegithina tiphia), linchi swiftlet (Collocalia linci), spotted dove (Spilopelia chinensis), collared kingfisher (Todiramphus chloris), and coppersmith barbet (Psilopogon haemacephalus) were the most common species in all observation plot. Insectivorous birds were the most common species found. Based on Margalef species richness index, S1 had the highest number of bird species while S6 had the lowest number of bird species. Eventhough total species that found in S3 was lower than S6, it had higher value of Margalef species richness index compare to S3.