Biosynthesis of Gold Nanoparticles: A Simple Method of Size Controlled using Clitoria Ternatea Flower Extract

Abstract

The broad range of nanotechnology applications makes it an immensely developing field especially form the areas of science and technology. A facile and eco-friendly biosynthesis approach was introduced in this study. The aqueous flower extract of Clitoria ternatea (CT) is used to reduce gold ions, gold(III) chloride trihydrate (HAuCl ·3H O) to gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs). The effect of reaction time (15 min, 60 min) was changed to determine the outcome of the size of nanoparticles. CT flower extract plays an essential part in producing Au-NPs which act as a stabilizing and reducing (Au3+ to Au) agent to reduce the consumption of harmful substances during the synthesis of CT/Au-NPs. Furthermore, it also cut down the production of unnecessary side product during the reaction that can cause harm to the ecosystem and surrounding. Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) diffuse reflectance spectroscopy was used for quantification of CT/Au-NPs synthesized form different parameters. An absorption UV-vis peaks of CT/Au-NPs was noticed approximately at the range of 540 nm wavelength with different concentration of HAuCl ·3H O. X-ray diffraction was used to identify the structure and purity of synthesized CT/Au-NPs. These spectrums provide a sharp peak at around 2θ = 38.44°, 44.41°, 65.03°, and 77.58° respectively. Meanwhile, it also correlated to a face-centered cubic structure with a plane of (111), (200), (220), and (311). Furthermore, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy analysis showed the formation of highly distributed CT/Au-NPs with an average diameter of about 15.53±10.12 nm to 59.43±27.62 nm and mostly spherical. This paper has been concentrated on producing simple, cost-effective, non-toxic, and environmentally friendly nanoparticles with size controlled.