Biosilicated collagen/\u03b2-tricalcium phosphate composites as a BMP-2-delivering bone\u2010graft substitute for accelerated craniofacial bone regeneration

Dong Keon Lee,Yun Kee Jo,Euy Hyun Kim,Seung Pil Pack,Hyon Seok Jang,Sang Ho Jun,Mi-Ran Ki,Chang-Joo Park,Jae Jun Ryu

doi:10.1186/s40824-021-00214-w

Dong Keon Lee, Yun Kee Jo + Show 7 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1186/s40824-021-00214-w

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Abstract

BackgroundBioceramic β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) is used as a bone-grafting material and a therapeutic drug carrier for treatment of bone defects in the oral and maxillofacial regions due to the osteoconductivity and biocompatibility. However, the low mechanical strength and limited osteoinductivity of β-TCP agglomerate restrict bone regenerating performance in clinical settings.MethodsHerein, a biomimetic composite is proposed as a bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2)-delivering bone graft substitute to achieve a robust bone grafting and augmented bone regeneration.ResultsThe sequential processes of brown algae-inspired biosilicification and collagen coating on the surface of β-TCP enable the effective incorporation of BMP-2 into the coating layer without losing its bioactivity. The sustained delivery of BMP-2 from the biosilicated collagen and β-TCP composites promoted in vitro osteogenic behaviors of pre-osteoblasts and remarkedly accelerated in vivo bone regeneration within a rat calvarial bone defect.ConclusionsOur multicomposite bone substitutes can be practically applied to improve bone tissue growth in bone grafting applications with further expansion to general bone tissue engineering.

Highlights

Bioceramic β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) is used as a bone-grafting material and a therapeutic drug carrier for treatment of bone defects in the oral and maxillofacial regions due to the osteoconductivity and biocompatibility
The silica forming peptide (SFP)-bound β-TCP particles were immersed in a mixture of 1.5 % (v/v) silicic acid (Sigma), 36 mM choline chloride (Sigma) and 46 % (v/v) ethanol [24] for different incubation periods (6–24 h) followed by washing with distilled water (DW) 10 times for removal of residual silicic acid
Porcine skin-derived collagen was coated onto the Si-β-TCP particles to achieve the modulated loading and release of Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2)

Summary

Introduction

Bioceramic β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) is used as a bone-grafting material and a therapeutic drug carrier for treatment of bone defects in the oral and maxillofacial regions due to the osteoconductivity and biocompatibility. The low mechanical strength and limited osteoinductivity of β-TCP agglomerate restrict bone regenerating performance in clinical settings. Bone grafting materials have been extensively used for the treatment of oral and maxillofacial bone defects arising from trauma, periodontal disease, surgical bone resection and congenital defects [1]. The use of β-TCP often gives rise to compromised bone regeneration in regions where the osseous environment is inactive owing to its limited osteoinductivity [8, 9]. An agglomerate of βTCP is susceptible to catastrophic failure due to its inferior fracture toughness and high Young’s modulus, which restricts its clinical use on load-bearing sites [10]

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