Bioprospecting of dewandaru (Eugenia uniflora L.) fruit extract as antibacterial agent against colorectal bacteria

Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed malignancy and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the world. The gut bacteria plays an important role in the development of colorectal cancer. Dewandaru (Eugenia uniflora L.) has been used as traditional medicine to treat various diseases. This study aimed to find antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract of dewandaru fruit using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method and to determine Minimal Inhibition Concentration (MIC) and Minimal Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) using Dilution Tube Method (DTM). Ethanolic extract with different concentration were evaluated for the antimicrobial activity against colorectal bacteria (Streptococcus bovis, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica). The results showed resistance – strong inhibition zone category of dewandaru fruit extract. The largest average of inhibition zone produced by ethanolic extract were 22 mm against S. bovis, 26.7 mm against E. faecalis, 19.3 mm against E. coli, and 12 mm against S. enterica. The MIC of dewandaru fruit extract against S. bovis, E. faecalis, E. coli, and S. enterica in a row were 15%, 10%, 7.5%, and 7.5%, meanwhile the MBC of dewandaru fruit extract against E. coli is 15% and for the other 3 bacteria was 20%. In conclusion, dewandaru fruit extract can be used as an antibacterial agent against colorectal bacteria.