Abstract
Tomato crops can be affected by several infectious diseases produced by bacteria, fungi, and oomycetes. Four phytopathogens are of special concern because of the major economic losses they generate worldwide in tomato production; Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis and Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato, causative agents behind two highly destructive diseases, bacterial canker and bacterial speck, respectively; fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici that causes Fusarium Wilt, which strongly affects tomato crops; and finally, Phytophthora spp., which affect both potato and tomato crops. Polygodial (1), drimenol (2), isonordrimenone (3), and nordrimenone (4) were studied against these four phytopathogenic microorganisms. Among them, compound 1, obtained from Drimys winteri Forst, and synthetic compound 4 are shown here to have potent activity. Most promisingly, the results showed that compounds 1 and 4 affect Clavibacter michiganensis growth at minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) values of 16 and 32 µg/mL, respectively, and high antimycotic activity against Fusarium oxysporum and Phytophthora spp. with MIC of 64 µg/mL. The results of the present study suggest novel treatment alternatives with drimane compounds against bacterial and fungal plant pathogens.
Highlights
The tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is the most widespread vegetable, with the largest worldwide market
We discuss the results obtained in a study of anti-phytopathogenic activity of compounds
This study evaluated anti-phytopathogenic activity of four drimane compounds against Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm), Pst, Fol, and Phytophthora spp. (Pp)
Summary
The tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is the most widespread vegetable, with the largest worldwide market. Nations (FAO) [5], with global production at 170.8 million tons in 2017 [6]. In 2007, global tomato production represented a market of approximately US$68,000 million in exports, and continued to increase during [4]. Bacterial diseases are the biggest problem for the tomato industry, with two major diseases affecting the health and growth of plants: bacterial canker and bacterial speck [7]. Both diseases represent a serious problem in both commercial plantings and home gardens [8].
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