Abstract
Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are gaining importance in the field of medicines due to their high surface area and unique properties than their other forms of selenium. In this study, biogenic selenium nanoparticles (B-SeNPs) were synthesized using cyanobacteria and their bioactivities (antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer and biocompatibility) were determined for comparison with commercially available chemically synthesized selenium nanoparticles (C-SeNPs). Color change of reaction mixture from sky blue to orange-red indicated the synthesis of biogenic SeNPs (B-SeNPs). UV–Vis spectra of the reaction mixture exhibited peak at 266 nm. During optimization, 30 °C of temperature, 24 h of time and 1:2 concentration ratio of sodium selenite and cell extract represented the best condition for SeNPs synthesis. Various functional groups and biochemical compounds present in the aqueous extract of Anabaena variabilis NCCU-441, which may have possibly influenced the reduction process of SeNPs were identified by FT-IR spectrum and GC–MS. The synthesized cyanobacterial SeNPs were orange red in color, spherical in shape, 10.8 nm in size and amorphous in nature. The B-SeNPs showed better anti-oxidant (DPPH, FRAP, SOR and ABTS assays), anti-microbial (antibacterial and antifungal) and anti-cancer activitities along with its biocompatibility in comparison to C-SeNPs suggesting higher probability of their biomedical application.
Highlights
Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are gaining more attention nowadays because of their high surface area, more surface activity, high adsorbing, catalytic efficiency and b iocompatibility[1,2,3,4]
The best synthesis of biogenic SeNPs (B-SeNPs) was obtained by placing reaction by mixing 1 mM of 100 ml sodium selenite and 200 ml extract (1:2 ratio) for 24 h at 30 °C (Fig. 1a, b and c)
The IC50 values for standard drug was 0.81 ± 0.02 μg/ml and 1.80 ± 0.05 μg/ml against MCF-7 and HepG2 cells respectively (Fig. 8c, Table 6). These results showed that both types of SeNPs have anti-cancerous property but the B-SeNPs have better activity than chemically synthesized selenium nanoparticles (C-SeNPs) at lesser IC50 values
Summary
Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are gaining more attention nowadays because of their high surface area, more surface activity, high adsorbing, catalytic efficiency and b iocompatibility[1,2,3,4]. SeNPs are usually synthesized by physical (UV radiations, laser ablation, hydrothermal techniques etc.)[5,6] and chemical (precipitation method, acid decomposition, reduction by using ascorbic acid, sodium dodecyl sulfate, glucose and sulfur dioxide etc.)[7,8,9]. All these methods use harsh chemicals, high temperature and acidic pH which make the nanoparticles unsafe for biomedical use[3] whereas biosynthesized SeNPs are inexpensive, eco-friendly and produce no toxic byproducts during their s ynthesis[3]. The biological activities of biologically synthesized SeNPs (B-SeNPs) were compared with the commercially available chemically synthesized selenium nanoparticles (C-SeNPs) for their future applications
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