Abstract
Assessing oxidative stress is vital in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its complications. This systematic review aims to identify the most important oxidative stress markers in T2DM patients and predict associated complications. A literature search was conducted from 2013 to 2023, focusing on case-control, cohort, cross-sectional, and randomized control trials. The included studies had open access and scientific methodologies for assessing oxidative stress markers, while the excluded studies were not published in English or lacked primary objectives related to oxidative stress markers and T2DM or its complications. The quality of eligible studies was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for case-control, cohort, and cross-sectional studies and the Jadad Scale for RCTs. Eighteen studies were selected for the review and 25 potential markers like malondialdehyde (MDA), 11 thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and isoprostanes were found to be the most commonly used markers to assess oxidative stress in T2DM. These markers help to assess oxidative stress levels in T2DM individuals as well as correlate with diabetic complications. Therefore, assessment and understanding of the role of oxidative stress in T2DM pathophysiology are crucial for improving patient care and mitigating complications.
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