Biological Insights into Energy Storage Technologies

Abstract

In the face of increasing energy demands and environmental concerns, the search for sustainable and efficient energy storage technologies has intensified. This review presents a holistic survey of innovative solutions by examining biological approaches. The study proceeds through three thematic sections: Biological Fuel Cells and Battery Systems, Photosynthesis and Solar Energy Storage, and Energy Generation at the Cellular Level. The first section, Biological Fuel Cells and Battery Systems describes the integration of biological processes into energy storage mechanisms. The use of biological systems and their contribution to the development of environmentally friendly and high performance energy storage technologies are discussed. In the 2nd section, Photosynthesis and Solar Energy Storage are very prominent in sustainability and energy efficiency issues in terms of both energy production and energy source food production while reducing carbon dioxide with photosynthesis-based energy storage methods. Energy production at the cellular level is discussed in the last section, Adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is necessary for the cell to perform processes such as growth, reproduction and response to environmental stimuli, is characterized as the primary fuel. ATP production is carried out by mitochondria in animal cells and chloroplast in plant cells. Energy storage at the cellular level is carried out by molecules such as glycogen and lipids in animal cells and starch in plant cells. Considering all three issues, it has been observed that biological-based energy storage methods have numerous advantages in terms of sustainability and energy efficiency. In application areas where engineering approaches are at the forefront, it is thought that it may be possible to design more sustainable and highly energy efficient energy production systems by gaining new perspectives with biology-based simulation studies.