Abstract
ABSTRACT The cocoa and palm oil agro-industries active in the state of Bahia, Brazil, generate high quantities of lignocellulosic wastes that could be recycled through their use in the formulation of substrates to cultivate edible mushrooms. Pleurotus ostreatus, also known as oyster mushroom, is the second most cultivated mushroom in the world due to its highly appreciated gastronomic, nutritional, and medicinal characteristics. This work evaluated the vertical mycelium growth, biological efficiency, mushroom yield, and nutritional composition of P. ostreatus produced in substrates formulated with a combination of palm oil fruit mesocarp (POFM) and cocoa almond peels (CAP) processing wastes. The substrates were formulated with the following POFM/CAP proportions (%/%): S1 – 86.4/9.6; S2 – 76.8/19.2; S3 – 67.2/28.8; S4 – 57.6/38.4, and S5 – 48.0/48.0. Substrates also received 3% powdered charcoal and 1% calcium carbonate. Substrates S1, S2, S3, and S4 were superior for vertical mycelium growth. S2 promoted the best biological efficiency (148.8%) and yield (560.5g·kg-1).The mushrooms produced in all substrates presented good nutritional values, although mushrooms produced using the S2 presented the highest crude protein content. Overall, S1 is the recommended substrate as it results in higher yields of nutrient rich mushrooms. Production of P. ostreatus in substrates composed of POFM and CAP represents a good alternative for recycling these wastes with potential economic and ecological benefits to regions where palm oil and cocoa are grown.
Highlights
Agricultural activities generate high quantities of lignocellulosic wastes represented by leaves, stems, roots, straws, and husks of cultivated plants
This work evaluated the vertical mycelium growth, biological efficiency, mushroom yield, and nutritional composition of P. ostreatus produced in substrates formulated with a combination of palm oil fruit mesocarp (POFM) and cocoa almond peels (CAP) processing wastes
Production of P. ostreatus in substrates composed of POFM and CAP represents a good alternative for recycling these wastes with potential economic and ecological benefits to regions where palm oil and cocoa are grown
Summary
Agricultural activities generate high quantities of lignocellulosic wastes represented by leaves, stems, roots, straws, and husks of cultivated plants. A good alternative to recycle these wastes is through their use in the formulation of substrates for the cultivation of edible mushrooms (KUMLA et al, 2020). 1871, commonly known as oyster mushroom or white-rot fungi, is the world’s second most cultivated mushroom. This edible mushroom is appreciated worldwide for its flavor, as well as its nutritional and medicinal properties (PÉREZ-MARTÍNEZ et al, 2015). The commercial production of P. ostreatus using lignocellulosic wastes as substrates has an important role in preserving natural resources and ecosystems by recycling agricultural wastes and removing water micropollutants (HULTBERG et al, 2020). Pleurotus ostreatus participates in the decomposition of lignocellulose, which is composed of lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose, through the synthesis of enzymes that act on the cell wall components of woody materials (ALFARO et al, 2020)
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