Abstract
Biointerfaces based on polyrotaxane (PRX), consisting of α-cyclodextrins (α-CDs) threaded on a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) chain, are promising functionalized platforms for culturing cells. PRXs are characterized by the molecular mobility of constituent molecules where the threading α-CDs can move and rotate along the PEG chain. Taking advantage of this mobility, we have previously succeeded in demonstrating the regulation of cellular responses, such as cellular adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. In the present study, we investigated differences in the cellular responses to PRX surfaces versus commercially available tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS) surfaces using fibroblasts, preosteoblasts, and preadipocytes. PRX surfaces were found to more significantly promote cellular proliferation than the TCPS surfaces, regardless of the cell type. To identify the signaling pathways involved in the activation of cellular proliferation, a DNA microarray analysis was performed. PRX surfaces showed a significant increase in the integrin-mediated cell adhesion and focal adhesion pathways. Furthermore, PRX surfaces also promoted osteoblast differentiation more than TCPS. These results suggest that structural features of PRX surfaces act as mechanical cues to dominate cellular proliferation and differentiation.
Highlights
In the field of biomaterials and mechano-biology, the regulation of cellular functions using the properties of culture substrates, such as substrate stiffness [1,2] or nanotopography [3,4] of the adhesion surface, has been attracting attention
Analysis the difference in cell spreading between Methylated PRX triblock copolymers (Me-PRX) and tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS) surfaces in terms of
Me-PRX surfaces were found to significantly promote proliferation of fibroblast, preosteoblast, and preadipocyte cell lines compared to TCPS surfaces
Summary
In the field of biomaterials and mechano-biology, the regulation of cellular functions using the properties of culture substrates, such as substrate stiffness [1,2] or nanotopography [3,4] of the adhesion surface, has been attracting attention. Apart from this, we have developed cell culture surfaces using supramolecular polymers, polyrotaxanes (PRXs), and succeeded in regulating cellular functions such as adhesion [6], proliferation [7], and differentiation [8]. PRX is a supermolecule consisting of cyclic molecules threaded onto the axis polymer. There are many combinations of axis polymers and cyclic molecules, for example, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and α-cyclodextrin (α-CD) [9]. PRXs exhibit unique properties of molecular mobility such as the sliding and rotating of cyclic molecules along the polymer chain. The molecular mobility of Polymers 2020, 12, 924; doi:10.3390/polym12040924 www.mdpi.com/journal/polymers
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