Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluated the root surfaces modifications resulted by application of different chemicals agents, and their influence on the fibrin network and fibroblasts attachment. From 96 anterior mandibular human extracted incisor teeth, 192 dentin blocks of buccal and lingual surface were obtained and randomly divided into 6 groups: Cont- control group, which received no treatment; Root surface scaling and root planing (Srp); Citric acid-Srp; EDTA-Srp; Tetracycline capsule-Srp; Tetracycline gel-Srp. After dentin treatments the specimens were analyzed as follows: 1) demineralization level and residues of the product by scanning electron microscopy (SEM); 2) adhesion of blood components after 20 min of surface treatment by SEM; 3) fibroblast attachment after 24 h by SEM; 4) cell metabolism after 24 h by MTT assay. Data were analyzed using Fisher Exact, One-way ANOVA test followed by Dunn's test, Tukey test and Dunnett test (α=0.05). Citric acid, EDTA and Tetracycline gel resulted in adequate demineralization with no completely smear layer and smear plug removal on root dentin surface. Tetracycline capsule produced great tetracycline residues with several demineralization areas. Tetracycline gel and EDTA groups presented more fibroblast fixation than other experimental groups. The highest mean blood clot adhesion score was observed in roots treated with tetracycline gel. EDTA and Tetracycline gel surface treatment removed the smear layer over dentin surface and promoted adhesion of fibrin network and fibroblast cells attachment.
Highlights
The traditional treatment of periodontally compromised roots have relied on mechanical instrumentation [1,2,3,4] that is not able to fully eliminate the infection due the formation of a smear layer of organic and mineralized debris [3,4,5,6]
This study was carried out to evaluate biological effects of different chemical agents used for root conditioning on periodontal therapy
Substances largely studied by current literature, with broad access and low cost were chosen: tetracycline [1,5,6,7,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19], EDTA [5,7,11,12,20] and citric acid [2,3,11,12,14]
Summary
The traditional treatment of periodontally compromised roots have relied on mechanical instrumentation [1,2,3,4] that is not able to fully eliminate the infection due the formation of a smear layer of organic and mineralized debris [3,4,5,6]. Root conditioning is intended to detoxify the root surface by removing the smear layer and demineralize by exposing the collagen matrix that supports migration, proliferation, adhesion and matrix synthesis of the cells involved in periodontal healing [9]. This is important for periodontal tissue repair and regeneration [2,9,10]. Chemical conditioning agents like citric acid, phosphoric acid, EDTA and tetracycline have been used in clinical practice [10,11]. Etching at neutral pH with agents like EDTA has been shown to have a comparable demineralizing potential [12]
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