Abstract
A total of 22 endophytic fungi isolated from coffee (Coffea arabica L.) were cultivated in vitro and their crude extracts tested. The screening was carried out using the agar diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans. The most effective isolate was Alternaria alternata, and subsequently, its extract was assayed. The total phenolic content was 3.44 μg GAE/mg of the crude extract. For the antibacterial and antifungal activity assays, minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal and fungicidal concentrations (MBC and MFC) were determined. The ranges of MIC values were 50-100 μg/mL for S. aureus and 400-800 μg/mL for E. coli. The extract did not show activity in the tested concentrations for C. albicans. The fungal crude extract was assayed for antioxidant activities. Its ability to scavenge DPPH radicals and antioxidant activity by β-carotene/linoleic acid system oxidation was not significant. In addition, antitumor activity was studied using the MTT assay. At a dilution of 400 μg/mL, the extract displayed a cytotoxic activity of approximately 50% towards HeLa cells in vitro. The results indicate that endophytic fungi could be a promising source of bioactive compounds and warrant further study.
Highlights
MATERIALS AND METHODSNatural products play a dominant role in the discovery of leads for the development of drugs in the treatment of human diseases
The antimicrobial activity of the crude extract of Alternaria alternata was assayed against bacteria and yeast
Where AA = antioxidant activity DRC is the degradation rate of the control (= AC0 – AC120 ); AC0 is the initial absorbance at time 0, and A C120 is the absorbance at 120 minutes
Summary
MATERIALS AND METHODSNatural products play a dominant role in the discovery of leads for the development of drugs in the treatment of human diseases. The purpose of this study was to evaluate several isolated fungi from the Coffea arabica L. plant and to select an endophytic fungus for further evaluation of its antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. The antimicrobial activity of the crude extract of Alternaria alternata was assayed against bacteria and yeast.
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