Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNT) are widely used in industry, medicine and scientific research. To examine potential impact on human health, the human airway epithelial cell line, Calu‐3, was exposed to a physiologically relevant (100 ng/mL) concentration of either single‐ and multi‐wall CNTs for 24 h. Label‐free quantitative mass spectrometry showed differential protein expression of 281‐282 proteins of which 231 were common to both nanotube exposures. The majority of the proteins showed decreases suggesting a general stress response to protect cells. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis was used for bioinformatic analysis. The STRING database was used to analyze functional protein networks. Common proteins changes occurred within the cellular functions of cell death and survival, cell‐to‐cell signaling and interaction, cellular assembly and organization, cellular growth and proliferation, infectious disease, molecular transport and protein synthesis. Some proteins like cadherin 1, STAT1, plakoglobin, and PYCARD, appear in several functional categories and tend to be in the center of the protein networks, suggesting important roles in multiple cellular functions and activities altered in response to CNT exposure.Grant Funding Source: Supported by Grants from the National Institutes of Health (R01GM085218 and RC2ES018025)
Highlights
Nanotechnology is the manipulation of matter at atomic and molecular scales from 1 to 100 nanometers and the creation of new materials with wide ranging applications in medicine, electronics, biomaterials and energy production
CNTs are hollow carbon tubes made of a single or several concentrically arranged cylindrical graphite layers capped by fullerenic hemispheres, which are referred to as single- and multi-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT, MWCNT)
Statistical analysis by ANOVA (p < 0.01) and Pairwise Multiple Comparisons (p < 0.05) determined that incubation with CNT at concentrations of 10 μg/mL and 100ng/mL resulted in significant changes protein expression profiles (Figure 1)
Summary
Nanotechnology is the manipulation of matter at atomic and molecular scales from 1 to 100 nanometers and the creation of new materials with wide ranging applications in medicine, electronics, biomaterials and energy production. The special properties of nanoparticles include unique surface area/volume ratios, refractive indices, and biological and chemical reactivity. These properties help to extend their applications, but raise concerns about their toxicity and environmental impact [1,2]. Research into the rational delivery and targeting of nanomedicines has yielded promising results, but clearance and toxicity are poorly understood and adverse effects on human health remain a potential problem [3]. One family of widely used nanomaterials is carbon nanotubes (CNTs). CNTs are hollow carbon tubes made of a single or several concentrically arranged cylindrical graphite layers capped by fullerenic hemispheres, which are referred to as single- and multi-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT, MWCNT). In addition to many industrial applications, they can be used as scaffolds for cell culture [2]
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