Bioindication of the ecological state of the soil under the influence of pork farms

Abstract

The seasonal dynamics of the soil ecological state under the influence of pork production enterprises of different capacities with the help of bioindication is investigated. Environmental assessment of the soil near the farms was carried out on the basis of bio-testing of the soil total toxicity — under growing of the roots of lettuce (Lepidium sativum L.) and onion roots (Allium cepa L.). For the study of the seasonal dynamics of the soil’s ecological state under the influence of pork production farms of various capacities, enterprises in the Kyiv region were involved: individual entrepreneur «Kedr» with a population of up to 3,000 animals a year (Barahty village, Vasyl’kiv district); — limited liability company «Agricultural company «Fastivets’ke, named Zelen’ka», with a population of 9,000 animals a year (Fastivets’ village, Fastiv district); — limited liability company «Nyva Pereiaslavschyny» with a population of 15,000 animals a year (Nova Orzhytsia village, Zhurivs’k district). As a control plot there had been taken an area located 3 km to South-East from Kodaky village, Vasyl’kiv district. It has been established, that such farms substantially increase the general toxicity of the soil and worsen the reverse effect of toxic substances in the soil. The relationship between the capacity of the farm and the ecological state of the soil of the adjoining territories is noted. It is revealed that seasonal dynamics is characteristic for the soils ecological state around such farms: in summer there is a significant increase in the total toxicity of the soil in comparison with the winter indicators; spring and autumn toxicity values are much lower. The conclusion is made on the need to improve the technology of waste treatment of these farms, especially during the warm period of the year