Biogenesis, characterization, and the effect of vicenin-gold nanoparticles on glucose utilization in 3T3-L1 adipocytes: a bioinformatic approach to illuminate its interaction with PTP 1B and AMPK.

Abstract

This study reported the synthesis of Vicenin-2 gold nanoparticles (VN-AuNPs) and evaluated their effect on the glucose utilization efficiency of 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The VN-AuNPs were characterized by microscopic, DLS and spectral analysis. The bio-reducing efficiency of Vicenin-2 (VN) was computed and confirmed by HPLC analysis. The stability of VN-AuNPs in various physiological media was explored. The cytotoxicity and glucose uptake assays were performed in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The docking of VN with PTP1B and AMPK was also performed. The color change and UV absorption at 537 nm preliminarily confirmed the VN reduced gold nanoparticles. The VN-AuNPs appeared as spherical particles (57 nm) and face centered cubic crystals under TEM and XRD analysis, respectively. Its zeta potential was found to be -6.53 mV. The FT-IR spectra of VN and its AuNPs confirmed its stability. The computed reducing potential of VN was similar to the extent of VN utilized during the synthesis of VN-AuNPs. The VN-AuNPs showed a remarkable stability in different physiological media. At 100 µM concentration, VN-AuNPs displayed 78.21% cell viability. A concentration dependent increase in glucose uptake was noted in 3T3-L1 adipocytes when incubated with VN-AuNPs. The docking data revealed a strong interaction of VN with the binding pockets of PTP1B and AMPK. This demonstrates that the fabricated VN-AuNPs might enhance the intracellular VN availability mediated cellular glucose utilization and this would serve as a novel nanodrug for the management of diabetes.