Biogas Fuel Utilization as Efforts to Overcome Household Economic Budget Problems in Rural Areas

Abstract

Biogas is an important renewable energy as a superior substitute and is able to contribute to meeting the needs of household fuel stairs. The energy produced is used as a substitute for kerosene or LPG gas to meet daily needs such as cooking and others. Plant waste and livestock manure contain methane gas which has very good combustibility. Manure wastes such as cattle, horses, and others, are also found throughout Indonesia with different qualities. In general, the use of agricultural waste as a base for biogas is more difficult than livestock manure, because it takes longer to process the hydrolysis of cellulosic materials from agricultural waste and nutrients. One kilogram of manure releases about 208-268 liters of methane gas into the atmosphere. High nutritious livestock rations, resulting in low methane levels of manure. To describe comprehensively the usefulness of biogas utilization as a source of bioenergy fuel in an effort to overcome household economic budget problems in rural areas. Anearobic digestion process which is the basis and biogas reactor processed by the breakdown of organic matter by the activity of methanogenic bacteria in airless conditions. The materials required are a minimum of 3 culverts, a septi tank for the digester tank, and a large oil drum that can contain approximately 200 liters of material intended as methane gas. Another material, in the form of a metal pipe with a diameter of 2 cm, is useful as a gas discharge pipe and a biogas outlet valve. The pipe is used as a pipe for gas distribution from the digestive tank to the stove for cooking, lamps and others. The final result is a solid which functions as a plant organic fertilizer. There are also several compounds / materials that must be prevented because they can inhibit the breakdown process, such as Antibiotics and Disinfectants, and Heavy Metals. Please note that do not burn the gas that first formed, as it contains air in it and can explode. A few days after the biogas catcher drum is lifted upwards, it is advisable to open the tap and remove all the gas that has formed. To handle it with care and avoid fire around the biogas production unit. There is no need to release the gas formed and the gas is safe to use to meet household fuel needs. The best use of the biogas that has been collected from the biogas production unit is for cooking. Biogas technology is the right choice to convert agricultural and livestock waste to produce energy and fertilizer in order to obtain social benefits both in terms of economic, especially for households, especially in rural.