Bioethanol from Pineapple Peel with Variation of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Mass and Fermentation Time

Abstract

The availability of energy from fossil fuels is gradually decreasing. Bioethanol is one of the biofuels which is an alternative energy that can be used as a substitute for petroleum. In Indonesia, in general, the manufacture of bioethanol uses raw materials that compete with foods such as cassava, sugar, and tubers. however, in this research the raw material used is derived from lignocellulosic biomass from pineapple peel. Therefore, this research aims to utilize pineapple peel which is its waste as raw material for making bioethanol through a fermentation process. The fermentation process uses yeast mass and fermentation time as variables where the yeast mass used is 20, 25 and 30 g. while for the fermentation time for 5 and 9 days. In the distillation process, the operating conditions are 78.4 °C for low pressure temperature, and the next step is to analyze the bioethanol produced. Based on the research that has been done, the highest bioethanol content was obtained at 70% with the addition of 25 g of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with a fermentation time of 9 days. From these operating conditions, obtained bioethanol with a concentration of 70%, with a density of 0.8438 gr/mL, and a refractometric index of 9.581.