Abstract
In fresh swamp areas of South Sumatra, papaya mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) could cause severe damage to young papaya trees and decreased the fruit quality. The objective of this research was to bioassay test of the bioinsecticide Beauveria bassiana againts nymphs of P. marginatus. B. bassiana was conducted on rice medium. The bioinsecticide was formulated using dried compost, compost gram, paddy ash, paddy bran, woody powder, paddy bran mixed with woody powder, compost enriched with Trichoderma virens. Controls used were sterile water (control 1) and isolate of B. bassiana (control 2). Results showed that conidial viability of B. bassiana on control 2 was the highest (46.33%). The viability of control 2 was not significantly different from the formulations with carrier of the paddy bran, the paddy bran mixed with woody powder, and the compost enriched with T. virens. The highest nymph mortality (82.86%) was found on formulation of compost enriched with T. virens and was significantly different from other treatments. The lowest visibly (73.48%) occured on formulation of paddy ash, and was significantly different from other treatments. Mortality on control 1 on average was 29.52%, whereas control 2 averaged of 75.71%. The shortest median lethal time (LT50) (3.55 days) was found on formulation of compost enriched with T. virens but the longest one (3.73 days) occured on the formulation of paddy ash. Overall, the most effective bioinsecticide was the formulation of compost enriched with T. virens.
Highlights
Pepaya di ekosistem lebak Sumatera Selatan merupakan buah-buahan yang cukup banyak dibudidayakan, namun produktivitasnya masih rendah karena banyak kendala yang dihadapi
B. bassiana was conducted on rice medium
The bioinsecticide was formulated using dried compost, compost gram, paddy ash, paddy bran, woody powder, paddy bran mixed with woody powder, compost enriched with Trichoderma virens
Summary
Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Entomologi, Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Sriwijaya sejak Januari hingga Agustus 2011. Bahan pembawa yang digunakan untuk formulasi tersebut adalah kompos, kompos kering, abu sekam, dedak, serbuk kayu, dedak dicampur dengan serbuk kayu, kompos diperkaya dengan Trichoderma virens. Dedak, abu sekam, dan serbuk kayu disterilkan di dalam oven selama 3 jam pada suhu 100°C hingga kadar air yang didapat pada bahan tersebut menjadi 20%. Beauveria bassiana yang diformulasikan dengan bahan pembawa kompos kering (BKK), kompos (BKB), kompos diperkaya dengan Trichoderma virens (BBP) abu sekam (BAS), dedak (BD), serbuk kayu (BSK), dedak dicampur dengan serbuk kayu (BDSK), dan isolat (ISO). LT50 isolat B. bassiana rata-rata 3,67 hari lebih lama bila dibandingkan pada formulasi dengan bahan pembawa kompos diperkaya T. virens dan dedak. Pada suspensi umur 24 jam dan 48 jam, viabilitas konidia kontrol 2 tersebut tidak berbeda nyata dengan formulasi dedak, dedak campuran serbuk kayu, dan kompos diperkaya T. virens. Nilai LT50 bioinsektisida yang diaplikasikan pada serangga uji Paracoccus marginatus
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