Biodynamic Lighting: Reviewing Foundational Considerations for ‘Life-centric’ Lighting

Abstract

ABSTRACT As many aspects of animal, human and plant behavior and survival are being perturbed by widespread exposure to artificial light at night (ALAN), lighting professionals are in the middle, attempting to make design decisions that directly affect these life forms. Research shows any light exposure higher than the nighttime natural environment will have a negative impact on various life forms during the nocturnal phase. This paper aims to provide a design process for “life-centric” lighting with good human and non-human outcomes for all life-sustaining behaviors on earth driven by phototropism, phototaxis, photoperiodism and circadian entrainment as the foundational consideration. Fundamental understandings of how light information is used by these life forms in a way crucial for development, growth and survival is provided in the paper. Key references are consolidated and synthesized using PRISMA 2020 with goals of supporting knowledge translation into pragmatic lighting strategies in a manner useful for lighting professionals. A process for life-centric lighting design using an existing process for human-centric lighting design involving lighting intensity and spectrum along with spatial and temporal patterns is provided, which can dovetail with decision-making processes that are within the workflow of lighting professionals. Well-designed studies with a wider range of light intensities and spectrum and well-defined lighting properties, along with better modes of communication between lighting professionals and ALAN researchers are recommended to facilitate the realization of biodynamic lighting solutions that will support good human and non-human outcomes.