Abstract
AbstractThe fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) production fromChlorella vulgarishas been studied by sequential investigation such as microalgae culturing, lipid extraction, and lipid conversion to FAME. TheC. vulgariscould grow well in the BG-11 medium and had a doubling time 3.7 days for its growth using inocula 16% (v/v). The optimum of dry cell biomass as 11.6 g/L was obtained after the microalgae culture harvested for 6 days. Lipid extraction from the biomass was carried out in various solvents and ultrasonication power, resulted lipid as 31% (w/w) when extracted with a mixed solvent of n-hexane-ethanol in ratio 1:1 and ultrasonication treatment at power 25 kHz/270W for 30 min. The lipid then converted to FAME through transesterification reaction with methanol using H2SO4catalyst at 45ºC for 2 h, and resulted FAME with area 32.26% in GC-MS analysis. The area was corresponded to FAME output as 13.68% (w/w). Fatty acid profiles of FAME obtained from GC-MS analysis showed the major peaks of fatty acids found inChlorella vulgariswere palmitic acid (C16:0), stearic acid (C18:0) and margaric acid (C17:0), and nonadecanoic acid (C19:0). Optimization of the transesterification reaction will be developed in future to improve the FAME product.
Highlights
Depletion of petroleum energy resources or fuel oil as a result of high fuel consumption becomes a major issue in many countries
This paper reports the fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) production from microalgae C. vulgaris isolated from Indonesia which performed by ex-situ process including the cultivation and harvesting of the microalgae, lipid extraction and its conversion to biofuels
The C. vulgaris could grow well in the BG-11 medium and showed the doubling time at 3.7 days for its growth using inocula 16% (v/v)
Summary
Depletion of petroleum energy resources or fuel oil as a result of high fuel consumption becomes a major issue in many countries. To overcome this problem many countries develop biofuels, one of which is biodiesel as renewable energy. It is classified as a safety energy, because it has no aromatic compounds, degraded, and free of SOx component. The composition of various fatty acids in microalgae makes the biodiesel that has different characteristics [2]. The use of microalgae does not compete with food [3]
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