Biodegradation of the organophosphorus insecticide diazinon by Serratia sp. and Pseudomonas sp. and their use in bioremediation of contaminated soil

Abstract

An enrichment culture technique was used for the isolation of bacteria responsible for biodegradation of diazinon in soil. Three bacterial strains were screened and identified by MIDI-FAME profiling as Serratia liquefaciens, Serratia marcescens and Pseudomonas sp. All isolates were able to grow in mineral salt medium (MSM) supplemented with diazinon (50 mg L −1) as a sole carbon source, and within 14 d 80–92% of the initial dose of insecticide was degraded by the isolates and their consortium. Degradation of diazinon was accelerated when MSM was supplemented with glucose. However, this process was linked with the decrease of pH values, after glucose utilization. Studies on biodegradation in sterilized soil showed that isolates and their consortium exhibited efficient degradation of insecticide (100 mg kg −1 soil) with a rate constant of 0.032–0.085 d −1, and DT 50 for diazinon was ranged from 11.5 d to 24.5 d. In contrast, degradation of insecticide in non-sterilized soil, non-supplemented earlier with diazinon, was characterized by a rate constant of 0.014 d −1 and the 7-d lag phase, during which only 2% of applied dose was degraded. The results suggested a strong correlation between microbial activity and chemical processes during diazinon degradation. Moreover, isolated bacterial strains may have potential for use in bioremediation of diazinon-contaminated soils.