Biodegradation of Diuron and Pyruthiobac-Sodium by White-Rot and Soil Fungi

Abstract

Thirteen strains, namely, Pleurotus sp BCCB 507, P. sp CCB 068, Pleurotus sp. 016, Agaricus campestris, Phanerochaete chrysosporium ATCC 24725 and the soil isolates DP24e, DP24o, DRP02n, SP16a, SRP 17c, SRP17g and SRP20e were selected following their cultivation in solid media containing either the pesticide Diuron or Pyrithibac -sodium (Staple 280CS). These fungi were grown in liquid medium for three days when 25 μg/mL of Diuron or 10 μg/mL of Staple were added and cultivation was carried out for up to a 14 -day period. Ligninolytic activities and also the degradation of the pesticides were determined. When Diuron was used the highest degradation was obtained with Pleurotus sp BCCB 507 (60.70% - 7th day), Pleurotus sp CCB 068 (80.75% - 10th day), P. sp. 016 (58.60% - 7th day), and the soil isolates SRP17g (65.46% - 10th day), SRP17c (67.60% - 10th day) and SRP20e (62.20% - 10th day). When Staple 280 CS was used Pleurotus sp BCCB 507 (14.25% - 7th day), A. campestris (32.90%- 14th day) and P. sp. CCB 068 (53.20% - 7th day) showed the highest degradation. MnP was the predominant ligninolytic enzyme produced by all the strains, regardless of the pesticide used.