Abstract
The effects of a new material based on hydroxyapatite and calcium silicates, named ALBO-MPCA, were investigated on the liver, kidney and spleen. The material was administrated orally for 120 days in an in vivo model in Wistar rats, and untreated animals served as a control. Hematological and biochemical blood parameters were analyzed. Qualitative histological analysis of tissues, change in mitotic activity of cells, and histological characteristics was conducted, as well as quantitative stereological analysis of parenchymal cells, blood sinusoids, and connective tissues. Additionally, the protein expressions of Ki67 and CD68 markers were evaluated. Histological analysis revealed no pathological changes after the tested period. It showed the preservation of the architecture of blood sinusoids and epithelial cells and the presence of mitosis. Additionally, the significantly increased number of the Ki67 in the presence of ALBO-MPCA confirmed the proliferative effect of the material noticed by stereological analysis, while immunoreactive CD68 positive cells did not differ between groups. The study showed non-toxicity of the tested material based on the effects on the hematological, biochemical, and observed histological parameters; in addition, it showed evidence of its biocompatibility. These results could be the basis for further steps toward the application of tested materials in endodontics.
Highlights
Calcium silicate cement has long been used in endodontics, for various endodontic indications, such as pulp capping, pulpotomy, apexogenesis, root-end filling, etc. [1,2,3,4]
mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) shows many drawbacks during clinical application, such as long setting time, difficult handling, and potential teeth discoloration [10,11,12]. Researchers in this field resulted in a synthesis of new materials that could overcome the limitations of MTA [13]
A new material based on hydroxyapatite and calcium silicates has been synthesized recently [14]
Summary
Calcium silicate cement has long been used in endodontics, for various endodontic indications, such as pulp capping, pulpotomy, apexogenesis, root-end filling, etc. [1,2,3,4]. MTA shows many drawbacks during clinical application, such as long setting time, difficult handling, and potential teeth discoloration [10,11,12] Researchers in this field resulted in a synthesis of new materials that could overcome the limitations of MTA [13]. In such an attempt, a new material based on hydroxyapatite and calcium silicates (named ALBO-MPCA) has been synthesized recently [14]. A new material based on hydroxyapatite and calcium silicates (named ALBO-MPCA) has been synthesized recently [14] It combines the advantages of hydroxyapatite with excellent biocompatibility and bioactivity along with similarity with inorganic phases of biomineralized tissues. Many biocompatibility aspects of tested cement have been already investigated at in vitro and in vivo conditions and compared to those of MTA [14,15,16,17,18,19,20], but their biocompatibility has to be further analyzed to assure absolute safety of application of this new material
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