Abstract

One of the most novel applications of wireless sensor networks in recent years has been in the field of biomedical research. Biomedical sensor networks are formed by tiny wireless sensor nodes, embedded inside the body. The communication protocol used in such networks must prevent the formation of hotspots in the network and at the same time route data efficiently, while conserving energy. In this paper we propose a cross-layer medium access control (MAC) protocol and routing protocol co-design for biomedical sensor networks. The cross-layer interactions among the network and MAC layers help optimise the overall performance of the in vivo network. Extensive simulations have been done to show that the proposed Biocomm protocol performs much better than the other existing MAC and routing protocols in terms of preventing the formation of hotspots, reducing energy consumption of nodes and preventing network congestion when used in an in vivo network. A variation of Biocomm, Biocomm-D has been proposed for delay-sensitive biomedical sensor network applications.

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