Abstract
AbstractBasic biochemical analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is limited to the dosages of proteins (proteinorrhachia) and glucose (glycorrhachia), always completed with cytological and bacteriological examination of CSF and with notation of its aspect. They form the basic examination of CSF for the diagnosis of infectious meningitidis or sub-arachnoid haemorrhage. A number of other biochemical analyses were developed with electrophoresis, the study of immunoglobulins, and application of index for transudation or intrathecal synthesis, also isoelectric focalisation searching for oligoclonal bands characteristic of multiple sclerosis as well as the development of biomarkers of inflammatory neurological diseases and in particular neurodegenerative diseases. Tau and phosphorylated-tau proteins help in the differential diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease. The elevation of angiotensin-converting enzyme activity in CSF helps in the diagnosis of neurosarcoidosis. Neurotransmitters allow the study of paediatric neurological diseases with abnormal movements.
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