Biochemical properties of Crataegus monogyna jacq. Fruit extract and effect on the A549 lung cancer cell line

Abstract

Herbal products are some of the first substances that people resort to in terms of health, and every study conducted with plants makes a positive contribution to science. Our aim is to investigate the phenolic content, antimicrobial activity, some element levels, antioxidant and especially antitumor effects of Crataegus monogyna Jacq. (hawthorn) fruit collected from the slopes of Mount Amanos. DPPH activity and phenolic contents were determined by spectrophotometric method. Diagnostic kits were used for total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) values. The agar well diffusion method (AWD) for antimicrobial activity, ICP-MS device for element levels, and the MTT assay for antiproliferative activity were used. Antioxidant status were DPPH free radical scavenging activities (ethanol (EtOH): 54.74 %–74.90 %; methanol (MeOH): 48.60 %–66.86 %) and TAS: 5.691 ± 0.156, TOS: 21.090 ± 0.497, OSI: 0.372 ± 0.019 values. Total phenolic content (TPC) was 3.617 ± 0.099 mg GAE g−1. Quarcetin, catechin, caffeic acid, resveratrol, protocatechuic acid, phloridzin, ellagic acid, luteolin, syringic acid, naringenin, and fumaric acid were determined as phenolic content. Inhibition areas such as antimicrobial activity were observed in Salmonella paratyphi A, Staphylocuccus aureus, Campylobacter jejuni, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterococcus faecalis strains. Major Ca, Mg, Fe, and Mn elements were detected. It was determined that the hawthorn fruit extract showed meaningful activity against the A549 lung cancer cell line. As a result, hawthorn fruit and extract can be used nutritionally and medicinally, but not used on microorganism treatment. Its antitumor property may also provide different approaches for clinical treatment.