Abstract
The connection between the types of potassium concentration and the ecogenesis of the studied groups of animals, with the degree of extreme conditions of breeding, with types of potassium in extreme conditions of breeding is known. In this regard, studies on autochthonous species of ungulates in the Subarctic are of great interest, the most numerous of which is the reindeer (Rangifer tarandus). Comparative analysis of the adaptive responses of NK and LK types at different levels of organization confirmed the presence of the adaptive advantage of animals characterized by a hereditarily high concentration of potassium in the blood in ecological-geographical zones with extreme environmental conditions. As a result of a study on domesticated reindeer, a clearly expressed dimorphism in the level of potassium in the blood was revealed, due to a genetically controlled high NK and low LK concentration. The average level of potassium in whole blood in the studied population of reindeer is 26.94 ± 0.56 meq/l with a variability of 24.61%. It was revealed that the average level of potassium content in whole blood by sex and age was distributed as follows: whales 22.97 - 25.80 meq/l at P> 0.05, castrate bulls had indicators significantly higher than 28.37 - 29.58 meq / l, at P> 0.05, the young showed intermediate indicators - 27.37 - 28.13 at P> 0.05. The intragroup variability in potassium content in whole blood ranged from 15.5 to 31.05%. It was found that in domestic reindeer the ratio of animals of the high-potassium (HK) type is 88.02% and of the lowpotassium (LK) type - 11.98%, while the gene frequencies for highpotassium animals are 0.9381.
Highlights
The study of genetically determined biochemical polymorphism in different animal species in order to differentiate and use monogenic biochemical traits as genetic markers is the subject of the works
Special attention was paid to various proteins and ionic concentrations, which determine the degree of adaptation to extreme environmental factors. In this area of research, attention is drawn to the study of polymorphism in the concentration of potassium in the blood of animals with the determination of the adaptive significance of different genetically controlled types
Protein synthesis by ribosomes and glycolysis requires a high concentration of potassium, since it is necessary to ensure the maximum activity of pyruvate kinase [1]
Summary
The study of genetically determined biochemical polymorphism in different animal species in order to differentiate and use monogenic biochemical traits as genetic markers is the subject of the works. For this purpose, blood proteins, electrolyte and trace element ions were studied in various domestic and farm animals. Special attention was paid to various proteins and ionic concentrations, which determine the degree of adaptation to extreme environmental factors In this area of research, attention is drawn to the study of polymorphism in the concentration of potassium in the blood of animals with the determination of the adaptive significance of different genetically controlled types. When carrying out the work, we set the following tasks: study of the level of potassium in the blood and the presence of dimorphism on this basis in domestic reindeer; study of the level of potassium in the blood and the presence of dimorphism on this basis in different sex and age groups of deer (young animals, whales, castrate bulls)
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