Biochemical characteristics of introduced cherry varieties in the Astrakhan region

Abstract

Cherry is a widespread stone culture, cherry fruits are saturated with nutrients with a rel-atively low caloric content. The article presents and summarizes the data of biochemical studies on the nutrient content of 6 varieties of cherries of domestic selection. The studies were carried out for two years (2020–2021). The plantings were planted according to the generally accepted scheme of 3?5 m. The biochemical composition of cherry fruits was studied (the content of soluble solids, titrated acids, the sum of sugars, ascorbic acid). A sugar-acid index was calculated for each variety. According to the results of the conducted studies, the best varieties were identified according to the biochemical composition of cherry fruits: in terms of the content of dry soluble substances - above 18 % in Dubovochka (control), Lubskaya, Turgenevskaya and Molodezhnaya varieties; low acidity (0.8–1.2) in Loznovskaya, Molozhnaya and Dubovochka varieties (control); in terms of sugar content – Lubovskaya, Turgenevskaya, Miracle cherry and Molodezhnaya (the sum of sugars is more than 10 %). The sugar-acid index of cherry fruits ranges from 5.2–12.1, the content of ascorbic acid is above 16 %. The analysis of the data obtained made it possible to identify cherry varieties Loznovskaya and Molodezhnaya, which have a complex of valuable biochemical indicators of interest for further study, performance of breeding tasks and improvement of the assortment in the conditions of the Astrakhan region.