Abstract
Objectives Preeclampsia is a pregnancy specific syndrome. Studies have shown that preeclampsia has multiorgan dysfunction effects. This study evaluated biomarkers of renal and liver function among preeclamptic Nigerian women. Study Design This was a cross-sectional study conducted among 49 preeclamptic women and 50 normotensive healthy pregnant women. Method The baseline data comprising age, gestational age, and blood pressure were obtained. Venous blood and spot urine samples were collected from each participant. Plasma obtained from blood samples taken into lithium heparinized vacutainer bottles was assayed for electrolytes, urea, creatinine, total protein, albumin, and uric acid, while sera samples from blood samples taken into serum separation tube- (SST-) gel vacutainer were assayed for aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase using ion selective electrode technique and Cobas autoanalyzer. Spot urine samples were assayed for protein and creatinine using Pyrogallol's reagent and Jaffe's methods, respectively. Microalbuminuria (protein/creatinine ratio) was generated from spot urine protein and creatinine data. Result The plasma sodium, total protein, and albumin in preeclamptic group were significantly decreased (p<0.05) when compared with control. There was statistically significant increase (p<0.05) in microalbuminuria, plasma potassium, urea, creatinine, uric acid levels, serum AST, and ALT activities in preeclamptic group. A positive association (p<0.05) between alanine aminotransferase and biomarkers of renal function was observed. Conclusion Preeclampsia has deleterious effects on renal and liver function as shown by alteration of these parameters.
Highlights
Preeclampsia has been described as a systemic syndrome of pregnancy, which is characterized by a new onset high blood pressure and proteinuria of ≥ 0.3 grams per 24 hours that occurs after 20 weeks of gestation in a woman that was previously normotensive [1]
It has been suggested that pregnant women with preeclampsia or eclampsia are likely to be at higher risk of end stage kidney disease and high blood pressure later
A significant increase (p
Summary
Preeclampsia has been described as a systemic syndrome of pregnancy, which is characterized by a new onset high blood pressure (systolic ≥140 mmHg or diastolic ≥90 mmHg) and proteinuria of ≥ 0.3 grams per 24 hours that occurs after 20 weeks of gestation in a woman that was previously normotensive [1]. As recommended by the International Society for the Study of Hypertension in Pregnancy, the diagnosis of preeclampsia should requires blood pressures of 140/90 mmHg or higher on two occasions combined with either urinary protein excretion of ≥300mg/day or new onset of maternal organ dysfunction (creatinine ≥ 90μmol/l), liver involvement (elevated transaminases), haematological complication (thrombocytopenia platelet
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