Biochemical and phytochemical studies on Balanities aegyptiaca fruits

Abstract

Objectives: Phytochemical screeninig of Balanities aegyptiaca (B.a.) extract and invitro determination of some biochemical effects. Methods: preparation of defatted Balanities aegyptiaca total extract, it's characterization was done throughout Firstly, quantitative and qualitative determination of active phenolic components by HPLC and spectrophotometer analysis. Secondly, identification of different function groups by IR analysis and surface elements by electronic microscope, then estimation for saponins content by spectrophotometer, After that estimation of total flavonoids, carbohydrates and proteins. Finally, determination of B. a. extract antioxidant activity by using DPPH, anti-inflammatory activity and antitumor activity using (MCF-7) human breast adenocarcinoma cell line. Results: This study revealed that total extract of Balanities fruits showed high levels of antioxidants as each 1 gram contained 10 mg of ascorbic acid and anti-inflammatory activities as it inhibited NO production by 60% compared to positive control group. Also, it revealed high antiproliferation activity IC50=21.2 ug/ml correlated with its phytochemical screening which showed the presence of high levels of phenolics, flavnoids, minerals (Zn, Mg, Ca, K, Na, Fe, Cl, Al, Si, O and Carbon) and Saponins. Conclusion: Balanities aegyptiaca extract plays an important role in improving oxidative stress resulted in high antiproliferation activity against (MCF-7) and posses a strong anti-inflammatory agent, Furthermore purification and isolation of active compounds will help in recommendation of new antinflammatory and antitumor herbal treatments.