Biochemical and Metabolomics on Rice Cultivars

Abstract

Plant metabolites are important for both plant life and human nutrition. However, the genetic control of plant metabolome remains largely unknown. Here, we performed a genetic analysis of the different rice metabolome and isozymes which are highly versatile and non-destructive as bio-markers. Five isozymes peroxidase, catalase, malate dehydrogenase, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), polyphenol oxidase were studied to characterize the thirty rice cultivars and two hybrids KRH-2 and KRH-4 along with their parental lines. Among the zymograms, ADH was found to be useful for the detection of cultivars, like CTH1, IR64, IR30864, with an Rm value of 0.549. The metabolomics of rice cultivars by using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry instrument with selected reaction monitoring mode software identified the 66 metabolites in the rice samples, including amino, organic, fatty acids, alcohols and sugars (mono-/dis-accharides). All metabolites investigated varied significantly among rice samples. Jaya had the higher number of metabolites (15) with a peak for each metabolite, followed by Jyothi (13). This study demonstrated a powerful tool and provided a high-quality data for understanding the plant metabolome and isozymes, which may help bridge the gap between the genome and phenome.